Navigating Challenges: The Role of Cultural Heritage in the Political Struggles of Dalit Women Candidates

Imagine stepping into a prestigious university, not just as a student but as a pioneer battling centuries of entrenched social injustice. For Dalit women at the University of Hyderabad, this is a daily reality, where caste remains a pervasive and complex issue within Indian university campuses, manifesting in both overt and subtle forms of discrimination. The intersection of caste and gender creates unique challenges that hinder their political engagement and representation. Despite the presence of women in leadership roles, the absence of Dalit women in presidential positions for the student union raises important questions about representation and empowerment within these contexts.

However, cultural heritage, along with educational mobility spurred by Dalit movements in the 1990s, State affirmations, and globalisation, has enabled Dalits to enter prestigious universities like the University of Hyderabad. The cultural heritage serves as a vital tool for empowerment, enabling Dalit women to navigate these challenges and assert their voices in the political landscape.

Definition of Cultural Heritage

Cultural heritage encompasses the traditions, customs, values, and artifacts that are passed down through generations within a community. It includes both tangible elements, such as monuments and artworks; and intangible aspects, such as languages, rituals, and practices. This heritage not only reflects the identity of the community but also serves as a foundation for social cohesion and empowerment.

Significance of Cultural Heritage on Campus

On university campuses, cultural heritage plays a vital role in shaping the experiences and identities of students. It fosters a sense of belonging and community among diverse groups, allowing students to connect with their roots while navigating new environments. For Dalit women, cultural heritage becomes a powerful tool for political engagement and social advocacy, enabling them to articulate their narratives and challenge existing power structures.

Political Engagement and Their Narratives

The personal narratives of Dalit women leaders offer profound insights into the interplay of cultural heritage and political engagement. These stories highlight the resilience, determination, and transformative potential of these women as they navigate their unique challenges.

Sabari, the president of the Ambedkar Students Association (ASA), exemplifies resilience and determination. Coming from a poor, without a politically-influenced background and an illiterate Dalit family, she faced numerous challenges before reaching the University of Hyderabad. Her talent in caste resistance songs earned her a place in the ASA. Despite initial struggles with language barriers and public speaking, she decided to run for president, driven by the question of why there had never been a woman president.

Soumya, a representative for the Gender Sensitization Committee Against Sexual Harassment (GSCASH), highlights the significance of cultural heritage in shaping political identity. She explains how her initials, indicating a scheduled caste colony, reflect her struggle as both a Dalit and a woman.

Triveni, from Khammam, who was elected as joint secretary for the student union, grew up in a politically conscious family, providing her with a different perspective. While she faced fewer challenges compared to Sabari and Soumya, language barriers at a central university posed significant obstacles.

Why There Has Never Been a Dalit Woman as President of the Student Union

The University of Hyderabad, established on October 2, 1974, has a long and distinguished history. However, throughout its existence, there has never been a Dalit woman (Scheduled Caste) President of the Students' Union. Even for Dalit men, it has taken considerable time to achieve this position, with only a recent election marking this milestone.

The absence of political motivation and economic support from their families, who often lack the means or background to encourage political engagement, is a significant factor. Additionally, the lack of social and cultural capital further impedes their political aspirations. Feelings of inferiority, the challenge of balancing academics with student politics, and the cultural shock of the political environment for many Dalit women from rural areas also contribute to this issue.

Conclusion

The narratives of Dalit women at the University of Hyderabad reveal the profound impact of cultural heritage on their political engagement and representation. Despite the pervasive challenges posed by caste and gender discrimination, these women have demonstrated remarkable resilience and determination. Their stories highlight the transformative potential of cultural heritage in empowering Dalit women to navigate the complexities of university politics and assert their voices.

The absence of Dalit women in presidential positions within student unions underscores the need for structural, cultural, and social reforms. Addressing the lack of political motivation, economic support, and social capital is crucial for fostering an inclusive environment where Dalit women can thrive.

Ultimately, the participation of Dalit women in university leadership positions is not just about promoting diversity; it is about challenging traditional power dynamics and fostering a more equitable and representative political landscape. The rise of Dalit feminism continues to be a revolutionary force, advocating for the abolition of caste patriarchy and the rights of Dalit women. As we strive for a more inclusive society, the experiences of Dalit women candidates at the University of Hyderabad serve as a powerful reminder of the importance of cultural heritage in the pursuit of justice and equality.